Carbon and its Compounds | Class 10 | Activity 4.2 with Solution

Carbon and its Compounds | Activities in Text Book with Solution

Activity 4.2

  • Calculate the difference in the formulae and molecular masses for (a) CH3OH and C2H5OH (b) C2H5OH and C3H7OH, and (c) C3H7OH and C4H9OH.
✅ Answer: 

Compounds

Difference in formula

Difference in molecular mass

CH3OH & C2H5OH

–CH2-

14 U

C2H5OH & C3H7OH

–CH2-

14 U

C3H7OH & C4H9OH

–CH2-

14 U

C4H9OH & C5H11OH

–CH2-

14 U

  • Is there any similarity in these three?
✅ Answer: Yes. They contain -OH group. 
  • Arrange these alcohols in the order of increasing carbon atoms to get a family. Can we call this family a homologous series?
✅ Answer: CH3OH, C2H5OH, C3H7OH, C4H9OH. 

Yes. They are homologous series because they show a difference in -CH2 group. 

  • Generate the homologous series for compounds containing up to four carbons for the other functional groups given in Table 4.3.

Table 4.3

✅ Answer

Chloro (-Cl) functional group: CH3Cl, C2H5Cl, C3H7Cl, C4H9Cl. 

Aldehydes functional group: CH3CHO, C2H5CHO, C3H7CHO, C4H9CHO.

Ketone functional group: CH2CO, C2H4CO, C3H6CO, C4H8CO. 

Carboxylic acids functional group: CH2COOH, C2H4COOH, C3H6COOH, C4H9COOH.

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