5. BIOTECHNOLOGY: APPLICATIONS
2020
SAY
1. Fill in the
blank: (1)
Alpha I-antitrypsin is used to treat the disease ...................
ü Answer:
Emphysema
2. Expand GEAC and
ADA. (2)
ü Answer:
GEAC = Genetic Engineering Approval Committee.
ADA = Adenosine deaminase.
3. Bt cotton
contains cry genes from a bacterium. (2)
(a)
Name that
bacterium
(b)
Give two
examples for cry genes.
ü Answer:
(a) Bacillus thuringiensis.
(b) cryIAc, cryIAb, cryIIAb
2020
MARCH
1. How does the
inactive protoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis gets converted into active
toxin when an insect ingests it? (2)
ü Answer:
When an insect ingests the toxin, it becomes active
due to alkaline pH of the gut which solubilise the crystals. Toxin binds to
surface of epithelial cells creating pores. It causes death of the insect.
2. Early diagnosis
is essential for the effective treatment of a disease. Write any two molecular
diagnostic methods. (2)
ü Answer:
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA).
Autoradiography etc.
2019
SAY June
1. Alpha-I
antitrypsin and alpha-lactalbumin are two biological products produced from
transgenic animals. Write the uses of these two products. (2)
ü Answer:
Use of Alpha-I antitrypsin: To treat emphysema.
Use of alpha-lactalbumin: Nutritionally more balanced
product for human babies than natural cow-milk.
2. Bt cotton is an
insect resistant plant that contains gene from a bacterium. Name that bacterium
and gene. (2)
ü Answer:
Name of bacterium: Bacillus thuringiensis.
Name of gene: Cry gene.
2019
MARCH
1. Many countries
encourage the cultivation of Genetically Modified Crops (G. M. Plants). Write
any two advantages of GM plants. (2)
ü Answer:
GM plants are
a. Tolerant
to abiotic stresses.
b. Pest
resistant
2. PCR and ELISA
are two molecular diagnostic techniques. (2)
a. How is PCR
useful in molecular diagnosis?
b. What is the
principle of ELISA?
ü Answer:
(a) PCR is useful for early detection of diseases,
gene mutation, cancer etc.
(b) It is based on the antigen – antibody
interaction.
2018
SAY June
1. Match the
Column A with Column B. (2)
|
Column
A |
Column
B |
|
(a) Human Alpha lactalbumin |
(1) ELISA |
|
(b) Antigen Antibody Interaction |
(2) ELI LILLY |
|
(c) Genetically engineered Insulin |
(3) CORN BORER |
|
(d) Cry I Ab |
(4) ROSIE |
|
|
(5) BOLL WORM |
ü Answer:
|
Column A |
Column B |
|
(a) Human Alpha lactalbumin |
(4) ROSIE |
|
(b) Antigen Antibody Interaction |
(1) ELISA |
|
(c) Genetically engineered Insulin |
(2) ELI LILLY |
|
(d) Cry I Ab |
(3) CORN BORER |
2. Bt cotton is a
transgenic pest resistant plant. (3)
a. How this was
achieved?
b. How does this
plant survive on pest attack?
ü Answer:
(a) Bt toxin gene is isolated from Bacillus
thuringiensis and incorporated into cotton plant to form Bt cotton.
(b) When an insect ingests the toxin in Bt cotton, it
becomes active. Toxin binds to surface of mid-gut epithelial cells creating
pores. It causes cell swelling and lysis and death of the insect.
2018
MARCH
1. Genetically modified
plants have been used in many ways. Give any four advantages of such plants.
(2)
ü Answer:
Ÿ Tolerant to abiotic stresses.
Ÿ Reduced use of chemical pesticides.
Ÿ Pest resistant crops.
Ÿ Reduce post-harvest losses
Ÿ Enhanced nutrient
value of food.
2. In 1983,
American company Eli Lilly produced human insulin artificially. Write down the
method followed in this technique. (2)
ü Answer:
They prepared two DNA
sequences corresponding to A & B chains of human insulin and introduced in
plasmids of E. coli to produce insulin chains. Chains A & B were
combined by creating disulfide bonds to form human insulin.
3. Meloideqyne
incognitia is a nematode parasite infects the
root of tobacco plants. its infection can be prevented by biotechnological
methods. (3)
a. Name the
strategy.
b. Explain the
principle behind this strategy.
ü Answer:
(a) RNA interference (RNAi).
(b) Nematode specific genes were introduced into the
host plant through the Agrobacterium vector.
This gene produces both sense and antisense RNA in
host cells.
These are complementary to each other and form dsRNA.
dsRNA silences the
specific mRNA of the nematode.
Thnks alot😌because when i studied in this chpter, and later just wrote each and every questions, so thn answer is check 😌truely correct, so thnks it's very useful
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