MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS
Previous Year Questions (2015 - 2020)
2020 March
1. Observe the figures A and B. (Score 3)
a. Identify the aestivation A and B.
b. Write one peculiarity of A.
c. Name the three kinds of petals in B.
a. Identify the aestivation A and B.b. Write one peculiarity of A.
c. Name the three kinds of petals in B.
Answers:
a) A = Twisted, B = Vexillary (Papilionaceous).
b) One margin of each petal overlaps that of the next one.
c) Standard petal (Posterior), Wing petals (Lateral), Keel petals (Anterior small).
a) A = Twisted, B = Vexillary (Papilionaceous).
b) One margin of each petal overlaps that of the next one.
c) Standard petal (Posterior), Wing petals (Lateral), Keel petals (Anterior small).
2020 March
2. Observe the figures A and B given below: (Score 2)
a. Name the type of venation in A and B.
b. Define venation.
a. Name the type of venation in A and B.b. Define venation.
Answers:
a) A = Reticulate venation, B = Parallel venation.
b) Venation is the arrangement of veins and veinlets in the leaf lamina.
a) A = Reticulate venation, B = Parallel venation.
b) Venation is the arrangement of veins and veinlets in the leaf lamina.
2019 July Improvement
1. Observe the given floral diagram. (Score 3)
a. Identify the family.
b. Write down any two distinguishing features of gynoecium.
c. Write any two economically useful plants belonging to this family.
a. Identify the family.b. Write down any two distinguishing features of gynoecium.
c. Write any two economically useful plants belonging to this family.
Answers:
a) Liliaceae.
b) Tricarpellary, Syncarpous, Superior ovary.
c) Aloe, Asparagus, Tulip.
a) Liliaceae.
b) Tricarpellary, Syncarpous, Superior ovary.
c) Aloe, Asparagus, Tulip.
2019 March
1. Write three peculiarities of gynoecium seen in Solanaceae and Fabaceae. (Score 3)
2. Names of three plants are given below. (Score 3)
a. Rhizophora
b. Bougainvillea
c. Pea
Name the modifications seen in these plants. Write their functions.
2. Names of three plants are given below. (Score 3)
a. Rhizophora
b. Bougainvillea
c. Pea
Name the modifications seen in these plants. Write their functions.
Answer 1:
- Solanaceae: Bicarpellary, obligately placed, syncarpous, superior ovary, bilocular.
- Fabaceae: Monocarpellary, superior ovary, unilocular with many ovules.
Answer 2:
a) Pneumatophores: Respiration.
b) Thorn: Protection.
c) Tendrils: Mechanical support (Climbing).
- Solanaceae: Bicarpellary, obligately placed, syncarpous, superior ovary, bilocular.
- Fabaceae: Monocarpellary, superior ovary, unilocular with many ovules.
Answer 2:
a) Pneumatophores: Respiration.
b) Thorn: Protection.
c) Tendrils: Mechanical support (Climbing).
2018 July Improvement
1. The following figures A and B shows two different types of phyllotaxy. (Score 2)
Identify the phyllotaxy A, B and explain them.
2. Based on the symmetry, the flowers can be classified into three types. Name and explain them. (Score 3)
Identify the phyllotaxy A, B and explain them.2. Based on the symmetry, the flowers can be classified into three types. Name and explain them. (Score 3)
Answer 1:
A – Opposite: A pair of leaves arise at each node and lie opposite to each other.
B – Whorled: More than two leaves arise at a node and form a whorl.
Answer 2:
1. Actinomorphic (Radial): Flower can be divided into two equal halves in any radial plane passing through the centre.
2. Zygomorphic (Bilateral): Flower can be divided into two similar halves only in one particular vertical plane.
3. Asymmetric (Irregular): Flower cannot be divided into two equal halves by any plane.
A – Opposite: A pair of leaves arise at each node and lie opposite to each other.
B – Whorled: More than two leaves arise at a node and form a whorl.
Answer 2:
1. Actinomorphic (Radial): Flower can be divided into two equal halves in any radial plane passing through the centre.
2. Zygomorphic (Bilateral): Flower can be divided into two similar halves only in one particular vertical plane.
3. Asymmetric (Irregular): Flower cannot be divided into two equal halves by any plane.
2018 March
1. Observe the relationship between the first two terms and fill in the blank. (Score 1)
Epipetalous stamen – Brinjal | ............... – Lily
2. Match the following: (Score 2)
Epipetalous stamen – Brinjal | ............... – Lily
2. Match the following: (Score 2)
| A | B |
|---|---|
| a) Calotropis | i) Vexillary |
| b) China rose | ii) Valvate |
| c) Cassia | iii) Twisted |
| d) Pea | iv) Imbricate |
Answer 1: Epiphyllous (Stamens attached to Perianth).
Answer 2 (Correct Match):
a) Calotropis — ii) Valvate
b) China rose — iii) Twisted
c) Cassia — iv) Imbricate
d) Pea — i) Vexillary
Answer 2 (Correct Match):
a) Calotropis — ii) Valvate
b) China rose — iii) Twisted
c) Cassia — iv) Imbricate
d) Pea — i) Vexillary
2017 July Improvement
1. In the family Fabaceae, stamens are described as ............ (Score 1)
a) Five, epipetalous
b) Ten, diadelphous
c) Six, epipetalous
d) Six, diadelphous
2. Observe the diagrams given below.
Name the type of flowers A and B. Give one example of each. (Score 2)
3. Write two differences between racemose and Cymose inflorescence. (Score 2)
a) Five, epipetalous
b) Ten, diadelphous
c) Six, epipetalous
d) Six, diadelphous
2. Observe the diagrams given below.
Name the type of flowers A and B. Give one example of each. (Score 2)3. Write two differences between racemose and Cymose inflorescence. (Score 2)
Answer 1: b) Ten, diadelphous.
Answer 2:
A = Hypogynous (Superior Ovary). E.g., Mustard.
B = Epigynous (Inferior Ovary). E.g., Guava.
Answer 3:
- Racemose: Main axis continues to grow; Flowers in acropetal succession.
- Cymose: Main axis terminates in a flower (limited growth); Flowers in basipetal order.
Answer 2:
A = Hypogynous (Superior Ovary). E.g., Mustard.
B = Epigynous (Inferior Ovary). E.g., Guava.
Answer 3:
- Racemose: Main axis continues to grow; Flowers in acropetal succession.
- Cymose: Main axis terminates in a flower (limited growth); Flowers in basipetal order.
2017 March
1. a) The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is called:
i) Aestivation, ii) Phyllotaxy, iii) Placentation, iv) Inflorescence.
b) How can you differentiate an actinomorphic flower from a zygomorphic flower? (Score 3)
i) Aestivation, ii) Phyllotaxy, iii) Placentation, iv) Inflorescence.
b) How can you differentiate an actinomorphic flower from a zygomorphic flower? (Score 3)
Answer:
a) iv) Inflorescence.
b)
- Actinomorphic (Radial): Flower can be divided into 2 equal halves in any radial plane passing through the centre.
- Zygomorphic (Bilateral): Flower can be divided into two similar halves only in a particular vertical plane.
a) iv) Inflorescence.
b)
- Actinomorphic (Radial): Flower can be divided into 2 equal halves in any radial plane passing through the centre.
- Zygomorphic (Bilateral): Flower can be divided into two similar halves only in a particular vertical plane.
2016 March
1. Observe the given floral diagram: (Score 3)
a) Identify the family.
b) Write any four floral characters of the identified family.
a) Identify the family.b) Write any four floral characters of the identified family.
Answers:
a) Liliaceae.
b) Floral Characters:
- Inflorescence: Solitary / cymose.
- Flower: Bisexual, Actinomorphic.
- Perianth: 6 Tepals (3+3).
- Androecium: 6 Stamens (3+3).
a) Liliaceae.
b) Floral Characters:
- Inflorescence: Solitary / cymose.
- Flower: Bisexual, Actinomorphic.
- Perianth: 6 Tepals (3+3).
- Androecium: 6 Stamens (3+3).
2015 September (Improvement)
1. Four stem modifications are given below. Three of them are underground modifications. Pick the odd one out as your answer. (Score 1)
(Potato, Opuntia, Ginger, Colocasia)
2. Write the names of aestivations in figures 1, 2 and 3. Identify aestivation of petals in pea flowers from the above three aestivations. (Score 2)
(Potato, Opuntia, Ginger, Colocasia)
2. Write the names of aestivations in figures 1, 2 and 3. Identify aestivation of petals in pea flowers from the above three aestivations. (Score 2)
Answer 1:
Opuntia (Odd one). It is a sub-aerial modification (Phylloclade), while others are underground stems.
Answer 2:
1. Valvate.
2. Twisted.
3. Vexillary.
- Aestivation in Pea flowers: Vexillary.
Opuntia (Odd one). It is a sub-aerial modification (Phylloclade), while others are underground stems.
Answer 2:
1. Valvate.
2. Twisted.
3. Vexillary.
- Aestivation in Pea flowers: Vexillary.