MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS
Previous Year Questions (2010 - 2014)
2010 March
1. Observe the diagram and answer the questions. (1)
Which character of a flower is indicated by the diagram? Give an example for a plant having flowers with this character.
2. Name the parts of a monocot embryo in the given diagram. (2)
1. ........................
2. ........................
3. ........................
4. ........................
Which character of a flower is indicated by the diagram? Give an example for a plant having flowers with this character.2. Name the parts of a monocot embryo in the given diagram. (2)
1. ........................2. ........................
3. ........................
4. ........................
Answers:
1. Hypogynous flower (Superior Ovary). Example: Mustard / China rose / Brinjal.
2. Parts:
1 - Scutellum
2 - Coleoptile
3 - Plumule
4 - Radicle
1. Hypogynous flower (Superior Ovary). Example: Mustard / China rose / Brinjal.
2. Parts:
1 - Scutellum
2 - Coleoptile
3 - Plumule
4 - Radicle
2010 September
1. Use appropriate terms for the following description. (1)
a. Axillary buds of stems modified as slender and spirally coiled structure for helping plants to climb.
b. Axillary buds of stems modified as woody straight and pointed structure to protect plants from browsing animals.
2. Given below is the floral diagram drawn by Anil based on the flower bud of a plant. (2)
a. Help him to complete the floral formula.
b. Name the family to which this plant belongs.
a. Axillary buds of stems modified as slender and spirally coiled structure for helping plants to climb.
b. Axillary buds of stems modified as woody straight and pointed structure to protect plants from browsing animals.
2. Given below is the floral diagram drawn by Anil based on the flower bud of a plant. (2)
a. Help him to complete the floral formula.b. Name the family to which this plant belongs.
Answers:
1. a) Tendrils
b) Thorns
2. a) Floral Formula: ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2)
b) Family: Solanaceae
1. a) Tendrils
b) Thorns
2. a) Floral Formula: ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C(5) A5 G(2)
b) Family: Solanaceae
2011 March
1. LS of two flowers show 2 types of ovaries. One is superior and the other is inferior. Name the type of flower based on this. (1)
2. Floral formula of a pea plant is given below:
Give the important floral characters of the plant using the floral formula. (2)
2. Floral formula of a pea plant is given below:
Give the important floral characters of the plant using the floral formula. (2)
Answers:
1. Superior ovary: Hypogynous; Inferior ovary: Epigynous.
2. Characters:
- Zygomorphic (Bilateral symmetry).
- Bisexual flower.
- Papilionaceous corolla (Petals 1+2+(2)).
- Diadelphous stamens (9 fused + 1 free).
- Superior ovary, Monocarpellary.
1. Superior ovary: Hypogynous; Inferior ovary: Epigynous.
2. Characters:
- Zygomorphic (Bilateral symmetry).
- Bisexual flower.
- Papilionaceous corolla (Petals 1+2+(2)).
- Diadelphous stamens (9 fused + 1 free).
- Superior ovary, Monocarpellary.
2011 October (Improvement)
1. Teacher showed the chart of aestivation to students and asked them to name the types of aestivation. What is aestivation? Explain any two types of aestivation. (3)
Answer:
Aestivation: The mode of arrangement of sepals or petals in a floral bud with respect to the other members of the same whorl.
Types:
1. Valvate: Sepals/petals just touch one another at the margin, without overlapping.
2. Twisted: One margin of the appendage overlaps that of the next one.
3. Imbricate: Margins overlap one another but not in any particular direction.
4. Vexillary: Largest petal (standard) overlaps the two lateral petals (wings) which in turn overlap the two smallest anterior petals (keel).
Aestivation: The mode of arrangement of sepals or petals in a floral bud with respect to the other members of the same whorl.
Types:
1. Valvate: Sepals/petals just touch one another at the margin, without overlapping.
2. Twisted: One margin of the appendage overlaps that of the next one.
3. Imbricate: Margins overlap one another but not in any particular direction.
4. Vexillary: Largest petal (standard) overlaps the two lateral petals (wings) which in turn overlap the two smallest anterior petals (keel).
2012 March
1. Observe the given relation and fill in the blanks. (1)
a. Cucumber: Tendril | Citrus: ........................
2. Given below is the floral diagram of a family you have studied.
a. Identify the family and aestivation of corolla. (1)
b. Describe three other floral characters from the floral diagram using technical terms. (1½)
a. Cucumber: Tendril | Citrus: ........................
2. Given below is the floral diagram of a family you have studied.
a. Identify the family and aestivation of corolla. (1)b. Describe three other floral characters from the floral diagram using technical terms. (1½)
Answers:
1. Thorn
2. a) Family: Solanaceae; Aestivation: Valvate.
b) Characters:
- Epipetalous stamens (Stamens attached to petals).
- Bicarpellary, Syncarpous ovary.
- Actinomorphic flower.
1. Thorn
2. a) Family: Solanaceae; Aestivation: Valvate.
b) Characters:
- Epipetalous stamens (Stamens attached to petals).
- Bicarpellary, Syncarpous ovary.
- Actinomorphic flower.
2012 September (Improvement)
1. Observe the following diagrams “a and b” and identify the placentation. (1)
2. In cactus both leaves & stem are modified to perform different functions. Name the modifications and identify their functions. (2)
2. In cactus both leaves & stem are modified to perform different functions. Name the modifications and identify their functions. (2)
Answers:
1. a) Axile placentation.
b) Parietal placentation.
2. Stem: Modified into Phylloclade (flattened structure) for photosynthesis.
Leaves: Modified into Spines for protection and to reduce transpiration.
1. a) Axile placentation.
b) Parietal placentation.
2. Stem: Modified into Phylloclade (flattened structure) for photosynthesis.
Leaves: Modified into Spines for protection and to reduce transpiration.
2013 March
1. Observe the given relation and fill in the blanks. (1)
Plumule: Coleoptile | Radicle: ........................
2. The diagram given below shows parts of a true fruit.
a. Write the technical name of this fruit developed from a monocarpellary superior ovary. (½)
b. Label the parts A and B. (1)
c. Can you distinguish a parthenocarpic fruit from the given fruit? (1)
Plumule: Coleoptile | Radicle: ........................
2. The diagram given below shows parts of a true fruit.
a. Write the technical name of this fruit developed from a monocarpellary superior ovary. (½)b. Label the parts A and B. (1)
c. Can you distinguish a parthenocarpic fruit from the given fruit? (1)
Answers:
1. Coleorhiza
2. a) Drupe
b) A - Mesocarp, B - Seed (or Endocarp).
c) Yes. Parthenocarpic fruits (like Banana) are seedless, whereas this fruit (Mango) contains a seed.
1. Coleorhiza
2. a) Drupe
b) A - Mesocarp, B - Seed (or Endocarp).
c) Yes. Parthenocarpic fruits (like Banana) are seedless, whereas this fruit (Mango) contains a seed.
2013 September-October
1. Observe the floral diagram and answer the following questions: (1)
a. Name the family.
b. Write the nature of stamen.
2. The following figures show two types of aestivation. Answer the following questions: (2)
a. Identify the types A & B.
b. How will you distinguish A & B?
a. Name the family.b. Write the nature of stamen.
2. The following figures show two types of aestivation. Answer the following questions: (2)
a. Identify the types A & B.b. How will you distinguish A & B?
Answers:
1. a) Solanaceae
b) Epipetalous (Stamens attached to petals).
2. a) A - Valvate, B - Twisted.
b) In Valvate, petals just touch each other without overlapping. In Twisted, one margin of the petal overlaps the next one.
1. a) Solanaceae
b) Epipetalous (Stamens attached to petals).
2. a) A - Valvate, B - Twisted.
b) In Valvate, petals just touch each other without overlapping. In Twisted, one margin of the petal overlaps the next one.
2014 March
1. Normally, roots grow into the soil. But in some plants like Rhizophora, many roots come out of the ground and grow vertically upwards. What are these roots called? Give their function. (1)
2. The following diagram represents five petals of a flower in a plant belonging to a major family.
a. Identify the family. (1)
b. Write the floral formula of the flower. (1)
2. The following diagram represents five petals of a flower in a plant belonging to a major family.
a. Identify the family. (1)b. Write the floral formula of the flower. (1)
Answers:
1. Pneumatophores. Function: To get oxygen for respiration.
2. a) Fabaceae (Pea family).
b) % ⚥ K(5) C1+2+(2) A(9)+1 G1
1. Pneumatophores. Function: To get oxygen for respiration.
2. a) Fabaceae (Pea family).
b) % ⚥ K(5) C1+2+(2) A(9)+1 G1
2014 August (Improvement)
1. The arrangement of ovules in the ovary is known as placentation. Given below are different types of placentation.
a. Identify (a), (b) and (c).
b. Briefly explain (a), (b) and (c) in one or two sentences. (3)
a. Identify (a), (b) and (c).b. Briefly explain (a), (b) and (c) in one or two sentences. (3)
Answer:
a) (a) Marginal, (b) Axile, (c) Parietal.
b)
- Marginal: Placenta forms a ridge along the ventral suture and ovules are borne on this ridge (e.g., Pea).
- Axile: Placenta is axial and ovules are attached to it in a multilocular ovary (e.g., Tomato/Lemon).
- Parietal: Ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part (e.g., Mustard).
a) (a) Marginal, (b) Axile, (c) Parietal.
b)
- Marginal: Placenta forms a ridge along the ventral suture and ovules are borne on this ridge (e.g., Pea).
- Axile: Placenta is axial and ovules are attached to it in a multilocular ovary (e.g., Tomato/Lemon).
- Parietal: Ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part (e.g., Mustard).