ZOOLOGY (2018 SAY)
ANSWERS
1. (c) 100.
2. Tubectomy.
3. (a) Typhoid
4. (a) STDs are the diseases transmitted through the sexual intercourse.
(b) Avoid sex with unknown partners/multiple partners.
Always use condoms during coitus.
5. (a) Test cross.
(b) It is used to find out the unknown genotype of a character.
6. (a) The second β-chain.
(b) In the sixth position, glutamic acid replaced by valine.
(c) Substitution of a single base in the sixth codon GAG to GUG.
7. • It was a 13-year long project.
• It has sequenced 3 x 109 bp in human genome with the help of computer.
• It has identified about 30,000 genes in human genome.
8. (a) Lac operon.
(b) A= β galactosidase, B= Permease, C= Transacetylase.
9. Primary treatment: It is the physical removal of material in sewage by sequential filtration and sedimentation.
Secondary treatment: It involves aeration and constant agitation of effluent that causes vigorous growth of aerobic bacteria. They consume organic matter in the effluent and reduces its BOD.
10. In situ conservation: It is the conservation of genetic resources within natural or human-made ecosystems in which they occur. E.g. National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere reserves etc.
Ex situ conservation: It is the conservation of organisms outside their habitats. E.g. genetic resource centres, zoological parks, wildlife safari parks, botanical gardens, gene banks etc.
11. (a) It means from bacteria to human, each triplet codon codes for the same amino acid.
(b) Genetic code is unambiguous.
Genetic code is degenerate.
12. (a) Hardy-Weinberg principle.
(b) Gene migration, Genetic drift, Natural selection etc.
13. Genotype of the child: ii (O group is always ii).
Genotype of the father: IAi
Genotype of the mother: IBi
14. (a) Divergent evolution.
(b) Homologous organs are the organs having fundamentally similar structure and origin but different functions.
15.
|
A |
B |
C |
|
Ovulation |
Graafian follicle |
LH |
|
Implantation |
Endometrium |
Progesterone |
|
Gestation |
Uterus |
hCG |
16. Ramapithecus → Austrapithecines → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Neanderthal → Homo sapiens.
17. Physical barriers: Skin, Mucus.
Physiological barriers: Acid of stomach, Saliva.
Cellular barriers: WBC, Monocyte.
18. (a) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
(b) Bacterial Artificial Chromosome
(c) Yeast Artificial Chromosome.