HUMAN REPRODUCTION
1 Score Questions
1. ……………… are the functional unit of testis.
2. Which of the following is not come under male
accessory glands?
(a) Prostate gland
(b) Seminal vesicles
(c) Vasa efferentia
(d) Cowper’s glands
3. Select the correct sequence of sperm
conduction:
(a) Seminiferous tubules → rete testis → vasa efferentia → epididymis → vas
deferens → ejaculatory duct → urethra → urethral meatus
(b) Seminiferous tubules → rete testis → vas deferens → vasa efferentia → ejaculatory
duct → epididymis → urethra → urethral meatus
(c) Rete testis → Seminiferous tubules → vasa efferentia → epididymis → vas
deferens → ejaculatory duct → urethral meatus → urethra
(d) Seminiferous tubules → epididymis → ejaculatory duct → rete testis → vasa
efferentia → vas deferens → urethra → urethral meatus
4. The
cone-shaped tip of the penis is called ………….
5. Name the membrane which partially cover vaginal
opening.
6. The following statements compare the
process of Oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Which one is not true?
(a) Production of ovum ceases at certain
age, but sperm production continues even in old men.
(b) Oogenesis begins in the embryonic
stages, but spermatogenesis starts at the onset of puberty.
(c) Meiotic arrest occurs both in
Oogenesis and spermatogenesis.
(d) Polar bodies are formed in Oogenesis.
7. Note the relationship between first two terms and fill
up the fourth place.
First
menstruation: Menarche
Permanent
stopping of menstruation: ........................
8. Ovulation takes place on …………… of
Menstrual cycle.
(a) 5th day
(b) 14th day
(c) 7th day
(d) 28th day
9. Fusion of sperm with ovum is called .........................
10. Fertilisation takes place in
(a)
Ampullary region of fallopian tube
(b)
Endometrial lining of uterus
(c)
Cervical canal of uterus
(d)
Infundibular region of fallopian
tube
11. In uterus, implantation occurs in
the layer called ……….
12. Note the relationship between first
two terms and suggest a suitable term for the fourth place.
Progesterone: Corpus luteum
HCG: ........................
13. Structural and functional unit
between mother and foetus is called ………….
14. The process of giving birth to young one is called
……….
15. Name the yellowish milk produced in the
first few days of lactation.
2 Score Questions
16. Testes of a baby are found to be not
descent from abdominal cavity into scrotal sac. What will be its consequence if
proper treatment is not given?
17. “Hymen is not a reliable indicator of
virginity or sexual experience.” Justify the statement.
18. Rearrange the following in correct sequence:
Mammary tubules → mammary alveoli → lactiferous
duct → mammary ampulla → mammary duct
19. Complete the flow chart showing
spermatogenesis by filling A and B and answer the question.
A → Primary spermatocyte → Secondary spermatocyte → B → Spermatozoa
(a)
What is the chromosome number of
primary spermatocytes?
(b)
What is the significance of
reduction division in spermatogenesis and oogenesis?
20. Match the column A and B.
|
A |
B |
|
Ovulation |
Sperm |
|
Luteal
phase |
Oogenesis |
|
Acrosome |
8 –
16 blastomeres |
|
Morula |
LH |
|
|
Progesterone
|
21. Match the columns A and B.
|
A |
B |
|
Corpus
Luteum |
Embryo |
|
Leydig
cells |
Implantation |
|
Blastocyst |
Progesterone |
|
Inner
cell mass |
Androgens |
|
|
Prolactin |
22. Select the odd one and justify your answer.
Oestrogen, Androgen, Relaxin, Progesterone
23. Diagram of mammalian sperm is given
below.
(a)
Label the parts A and B.
(b)
What is the function of A?
24. Observe the diagram and identify the
process.
(a) Label A, B, C and D.
(b) Why the gametes produced are haploid
even though the gamete mother cells are diploid?
25. Observe the Graph provided.
(a)
What do A and B stand for?
(b)
Mention the importance of B.
26. Ovulation does not take place during gestation
period. Give reason.
27. All
copulations do not lead to fertilization & pregnancy. Why?
28. Given below is the diagrammatic
representation of Human blastocyst. Observe the diagram and answer the
following questions.
(a)
Identify A and B.
(b)
Write the function of A and B.
29. Mention any 4 functions of placenta.
30. When the urine sample of a lady is
tested, presence of Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was detected.
(a)
What does the presence of HCG
indicate?
(b)
Which is the source of HCG?
31. Mother’s milk is essential for new
born infants.
(a)
Name the fluid secreted by mother
from breast during the initial days of lactation.
(b)
Why it is important for new born infants?
3 Score Questions
32. Schematic representation of
Gametogenesis is given.
(a)
Identify A & B.
(b)
What does smaller shaded circle in B
represent? Mention its significance.
(c)
Write one difference between A &
B.
33. Observe the diagram and answer the question.
(a)
Identify A and B.
(b)
What is the function of C?
(c)
In which of the marked part
reduction division takes place? What is its significance?
34. Match
the following
|
A |
B |
C |
|
Spermatogenesis |
Formation of ovum |
Follicle cells |
|
Spermiogenesis |
Sperm head embedded in Sertoli cells |
Starts from spermatogonia |
|
Spermiation |
Formation of sperms |
Differentiation of sperms |
|
|
Spermatids to sperms |
Release of sperms
to lumen of seminiferous tubules |
35. Observe the diagram provided.
(a)
Label A and B.
(b)
Name the process that induces the
rupture of Graafian follicle.
(c)
Write the name and function of the
structure forming in ovary after rupture of Graafian follicle.
36. Some stages of embryonic development
are given below. Observe the diagram and answer the question.
(a)
What is A and B?
(b)
Name the two types of cells found in
Blastocyst.
(c)
Which layer of blastocyst is
attached to the endometrium? Name the process.
37. LH and FSH have important roles in menstrual
cycle.
(a)
Name the source of LH and FSH.
(b)
The level of LH is maximum during
the middle day of cycle. Mention its effect.
(c)
Mention the functions of LH &
FSH in male.
ANSWERS
1. Seminiferous tubules.
2. Vasa efferentia
3. (a) Seminiferous tubules → rete testis → vasa
efferentia → epididymis → vas deferens → ejaculatory duct → urethra → urethral
meatus
4. Glans penis.
5. Hymen.
6. (c) Meiotic arrest occurs both in
Oogenesis and spermatogenesis.
7. Menopause.
8. (b)
14th day.
9. Fertilisation.
10. (a) Ampullary region of fallopian
tube
11. Endometrium.
12. Placenta.
13. Placenta.
14. Parturition.
15. Colostrum.
16. If testes are not
descent into scrotal sac, proper functioning of testes and spermatogenesis
do not occur.
17. Hymen may be broken by a sudden fall or jolt,
insertion of a vaginal tampon; active participation in some sports items etc. In
some women, hymen persists after coitus. So the hymen is not a reliable
indicator of virginity or sexual experience.
18. Mammary alveoli → Mammary tubules → mammary duct →
mammary ampulla → lactiferous duct.
19. A= Spermatogonia. B= Spermatids
(a)
46
(b) Reductional division (Meiosis) in
spermatogenesis and oogenesis is essential to form haploid gametes (n) with 23
chromosomes. Therefore, during fertilisation chromosome number can be
maintained to 46.
20.
|
A |
B |
|
Ovulation |
LH |
|
Luteal
phase |
Progesterone |
|
Acrosome |
Sperm
|
|
Morula |
8 –
16 blastomeres |
21.
|
A |
B |
|
Corpus
Luteum |
Progesterone
|
|
Leydig
cells |
Androgens
|
|
Blastocyst |
Implantation |
|
Inner
cell mass |
Embryo |
22. Odd one: Androgen. Because it is the
male sex hormone. Others are produced in female reproductive system.
23. (a) A= Acrosome. B= Nucleus.
(b) It contains lytic enzymes that
help the sperm to penetrate ovum during fertilisation.
24. (a) A= Primary oocyte, B= Polar body,
C= Secondary oocyte, D= Ootid.
(b) During gametogenesis, meiotic division results in the
production of haploid gametes. So, during fertilisation, chromosome number can
be maintained to 46.
25. (a) A= Oestrogen, B= Progesterone.
(b) It is the pregnancy hormone that
makes the endometrial lining maximum vascular and glandular and maintains
pregnancy.
26. During gestation period, progesterone inhibits the FSH
secretion to prevent development of another ovarian follicle.
27. Fertilization
happens only if ovum & sperms are transported simultaneously. So all
copulations do not lead to fertilization & pregnancy.
28. (a) A= Inner cell mass, B=
Trophoblast.
(b) A (inner cell mass) becomes embryo. B (Trophoblast) gives
nourishment and protection to developing embryo.
29. (a) Supply O2, nutrients
etc. from mother to foetus.
(b) Remove CO2 from
foetus.
(c) Remove excretory wastes from
foetus.
(d) Acts as an endocrine gland.
30. (a) She is pregnant.
(b) Placenta.
31. (a) Colostrum.
(b) It contains many antibodies that gives immunity to the new born baby. It protects the baby from infections.
32. (a) A= Spermatogenesis. B=
Oogenesis.
(b) They are polar
bodies. Formation of polar bodies helps to produce only a single ovum in each
menstrual cycle. Also, ovum gets more cytoplasm.
(c) During
spermatogenesis, each primary spermatocyte can give 4 sperms. But during
oogenesis, one primary oocyte produces only one ovum.
33. (a) A= Sperms. B= Spermatogonia.
(b) C (Sertoli cells) give
nourishment and shape to the developing sperms.
(c) D (Primary spermatocyte)
undergoes reduction division to give secondary spermatocyte (E). reduction
division is necessary to form haploid (n) gamete.
34.
|
A |
B |
C |
|
Spermatogenesis |
Formation of sperms |
Starts from spermatogonia |
|
Spermiogenesis |
Spermatids to sperms |
Differentiation of sperms |
|
Spermiation |
Sperm head embedded in Sertoli cells |
Release of sperms to lumen of seminiferous tubules |
35. (a) A= Primary follicle. B= Tertiary
follicle.
(b) LH surge that
results in ovulation.
(c) Corpus luteum. It
secretes progesterone.
36. (a) A= 2-celled (blastomeres) stage.
B= Morula.
(b) Inner cell mass and Trophoblast
cells.
(c) Trophoblast. The process is
called implantation.
37. (a) Pituitary.
(b) Maximum level of LH (LH surge)
results in ovulation.
(c) LH= Acts on Leydig cells to produce
androgens.
FSH= Acts on Sertoli
cells to produce factors needed for spermiogenesis.