Breathing and Exchange of Gases | Class 11 | Previous Years Questions and Answers (2015 to 2020)

BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES


2020 MARCH


1.   Select the enzyme that facilitate the following reaction: (Score 1)



a.   Succinic dehydrogenase

b.   RuBiSCO

c.   Carbonic anhydrase

d.   Lipase


✔️Answer: (c) Carbonic anhydrase


2.   Distinguish between the following terms: (Score 2)

a.  IRV, ERV

b.  Tidal volume, Residual volume.


✔️Answer:


(a) IRV: Additional volume of air a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration.

ERV: Additional volume of air a person can expire by a forcible expiration.


(b) Tidal Volume: Vole of air inspired or expired during normal respiration.

Residual volume: Volume of air remaining in the lungs after a forcible expiration.


2019 JULY


1.   List the major factors affecting the dissociation of oxygen from oxyhaemoglobin in the tissues. (Score 2)


✔️Answer:

Low PO2, high PCO2, high H+, high temperature.


2019 MARCH


1.   Distinguish between: (Score 2)

a.  Tidal volume and Residual volume

b.  Vital capacity and Total lung capacity.


✔️Answer:


(a) Tidal volume: Volume of air inspired or expired during a normal respiration.

Residual volume: Volume of air remaining in lungs after a forcible expiration.


(b) Vital capacity: Volume of air that can breathe in after a forced expiration.

Total lung capacity: Total volume of air in the lungs after a maximum inspiration.


2019 MODEL


1.  Analyze the concept map given below and if have mistake, reconstruct it. (Score 2)





✔️Answer:


2018 AUGUST


1.  a) Identify the graph given below. (Score 2)



b) List the factors responsible for the formation and dissociation of oxyhaemoglobin.


✔️Answer:


a) Oxygen-Hb dissociation curve.

b) PO2, PCO2, H+ concentration, Temperature.


2018 MARCH


1.   Distinguish between the following: (Score 2)
a) IRV and ERV

b) IC and EC


✔️Answer:


(a) Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV): Additional volume of air that can inspire by forceful inspiration.

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV): Additional volume of air that can expire by a forceful expiration.


(b) Inspiratory capacity (IC): Total volume of air inspired after a normal expiration.

Expiratory capacity (EC): Total volume of air expired after a normal inspiration.


2018 MODEL


1.   "In the tissues, the conditions are favorable for dissociation of oxygen from the oxyhaemoglobin''
Write any four favourable conditions in the tissues for the dissociation of O2 from oxyhaemoglobin.
(Score 2)


✔️Answer:

Low pO2, high pCO2, high H+ ions & high temperature.


2017 MARCH


1.   Differentiate the process of inspiration and expiration. (Score 2)

Inspiration

Expiration

……………………

……………………

……………………

……………………


✔️Answer:


Inspiration

Expiration

·   Active intake of air into lungs.

·   Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract.

·   Passive expelling of air from the lungs.

·   Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax.


2016 MARCH


1.   Carbon dioxide transport in the form of bicarbonate ion is picturized below. Observe the diagram and identify the enzyme. (Score 1)



✔️Answer: Carbonic anhydrase.


2.   Carefully observe the given Sigmoid curve on the graph and answer the following questions. (Score 2)


a)    What does the graph indicates’?

b)    What are the three facts affecting the Sigmoid pattern of the graph.


✔️Answer:


(a) Oxygen-Hb dissociation curve.

(b) PO2, PCO2, H+ concentration, Temperature.


2015 SEPTEMBER (IMPROVEMENT)


1.    Correct the following misconceptions of a student regarding human respiration. (Score 2)

a.  Vital capacity includes tidal volume, residual volume and dead air.

b.  Respiration is controlled by nerve centres located in hypothalamus and cerebrum.


✔️Answer:


(a) Vital capacity includes tidal volume, IRV & ERV.

(b) Respiration is controlled by nerve centres located in Pons and medulla oblongata.


2015 MARCH


1.   Asthma and emphysema are two disorders of the human respiratory system. Mention their causes and symptoms. (Score 2)


✔️Answer:


Asthma: Difficulty in breathing causing wheezing due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles.

Emphysema: Damage of alveolar walls. Major cause is cigarette smoking.


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