PLANT KINGDOM
Previous Year Questions & Answers
(2010 - 2014)
2010 March
1. Match the following: (2)
| Prothallus | Mosses |
| Synergid | Strobilus |
| Protonema | Gametophyte |
| Sporophyll | Egg apparatus |
Answer:
• Prothallus — Gametophyte (of Pteridophytes)
• Synergid — Egg apparatus
• Protonema — Mosses
• Sporophyll — Strobilus
• Prothallus — Gametophyte (of Pteridophytes)
• Synergid — Egg apparatus
• Protonema — Mosses
• Sporophyll — Strobilus
2010 September
1. Name the type of life cycle that is intermediate between haplontic and diplontic. (1)
2. The process of fertilization in angiosperms is known as double fertilization. Comment on it. (1)
2. The process of fertilization in angiosperms is known as double fertilization. Comment on it. (1)
Answers:
1. Haplo-diplontic life cycle.
2. It involves two types of fusion: Syngamy (Male gamete + Egg) and Triple Fusion (Male gamete + Polar nuclei). Hence called Double Fertilization.
1. Haplo-diplontic life cycle.
2. It involves two types of fusion: Syngamy (Male gamete + Egg) and Triple Fusion (Male gamete + Polar nuclei). Hence called Double Fertilization.
2011 March
1. How can we easily differentiate between the sporophytes in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes? (2)
Answer:
• Bryophyte Sporophyte: Dependent on gametophyte; Not differentiated into true root, stem, and leaves (consists of foot, seta, capsule).
• Pteridophyte Sporophyte: Independent and dominant; Differentiated into true root, stem, and leaves.
• Bryophyte Sporophyte: Dependent on gametophyte; Not differentiated into true root, stem, and leaves (consists of foot, seta, capsule).
• Pteridophyte Sporophyte: Independent and dominant; Differentiated into true root, stem, and leaves.
2011 October (Improvement)
1. a) Write the name of the stored food of the algal classes: (1)
b) Name the specialized structure for asexual reproduction in Liverworts. (½)
c) Selaginella produces macro and micro spores in the same strobilus is called: (½)
| Class | Stored food |
|---|---|
| Phaeophyceae | .................... |
| Rhodophyceae | .................... |
b) Name the specialized structure for asexual reproduction in Liverworts. (½)
c) Selaginella produces macro and micro spores in the same strobilus is called: (½)
Answers:
a) Phaeophyceae: Mannitol / Laminarin
Rhodophyceae: Floridean Starch
b) Gemmae (in Gemma cups)
c) Heterospory
a) Phaeophyceae: Mannitol / Laminarin
Rhodophyceae: Floridean Starch
b) Gemmae (in Gemma cups)
c) Heterospory
2012 March
1. a) Identify two heterosporous genera. (1)
b) Point out any one common character found in heterospory and seed habit. (1)
b) Point out any one common character found in heterospory and seed habit. (1)
OR
2. Write any four points in favour of the statement 'Man is benefited by algae'. (2)
Answers:
1. a) Selaginella, Salvinia
1. b) Retention of the female gametophyte on the parent sporophyte.
OR
2. Benefits of Algae:
- Carbon dioxide fixation (Primary producers).
- Used as food (e.g., Porphyra, Laminaria).
- Production of Hydrocolloids (Algin, Carrageen).
- Production of Agar (from Gelidium, Gracilaria).
1. a) Selaginella, Salvinia
1. b) Retention of the female gametophyte on the parent sporophyte.
OR
2. Benefits of Algae:
- Carbon dioxide fixation (Primary producers).
- Used as food (e.g., Porphyra, Laminaria).
- Production of Hydrocolloids (Algin, Carrageen).
- Production of Agar (from Gelidium, Gracilaria).
2012 September (Improvement)
1. Choose the characters that belong to Gymnosperms from the list: (2)
a. Tracheids alone form the conducting elements in xylem.
b. Production of fruits.
c. Naked seeds.
d. Cones are seen.
e. Flowers absent.
f. Xylem mainly contains vessels.
g. Double fertilization present.
a. Tracheids alone form the conducting elements in xylem.
b. Production of fruits.
c. Naked seeds.
d. Cones are seen.
e. Flowers absent.
f. Xylem mainly contains vessels.
g. Double fertilization present.
Answer:
a, c, d, e
a, c, d, e
2013 March
1. ‘Double fertilization is an event unique to angiosperms’.
a. Mention the two fusions in this event. (1)
b. Name the products obtained as a result of these fusions. (1)
a. Mention the two fusions in this event. (1)
b. Name the products obtained as a result of these fusions. (1)
Answer:
a) Syngamy and Triple Fusion.
b) Syngamy → Zygote; Triple Fusion → Primary Endosperm Nucleus (PEN).
a) Syngamy and Triple Fusion.
b) Syngamy → Zygote; Triple Fusion → Primary Endosperm Nucleus (PEN).
2013 September-October
1. Give reasons for the following: (2)
a. Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant kingdom.
b. Fertilization in angiosperm is known as double fertilization.
a. Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant kingdom.
b. Fertilization in angiosperm is known as double fertilization.
Answer:
a) Because they can live in soil but depend on water for sexual reproduction (transfer of gametes).
b) Because two fusions (Syngamy and Triple fusion) take place in the embryo sac.
a) Because they can live in soil but depend on water for sexual reproduction (transfer of gametes).
b) Because two fusions (Syngamy and Triple fusion) take place in the embryo sac.
2014 March
1. Unlike a majority of the Pteridophytes, genera like Selaginella and Salvinia show a unique feature in spore formation.
a. What is this feature? (1)
b. Briefly comment on its significance. (1)
a. What is this feature? (1)
b. Briefly comment on its significance. (1)
Answer:
a) Heterospory (Production of two kinds of spores - macro & micro).
b) It is considered as a precursor to seed habit, which is an important step in evolution.
a) Heterospory (Production of two kinds of spores - macro & micro).
b) It is considered as a precursor to seed habit, which is an important step in evolution.
2014 August (Improvement)
1. Match the following: (2)
| a) Floridian starch | Gymnosperm |
| b) Double fertilization | Red algae |
| c) Coralloid roots | Fern |
| d) Prothallus | Angiosperms |
Answer:
• Floridian starch — Red algae
• Double fertilization — Angiosperms
• Coralloid roots — Gymnosperm (Cycas)
• Prothallus — Fern
• Floridian starch — Red algae
• Double fertilization — Angiosperms
• Coralloid roots — Gymnosperm (Cycas)
• Prothallus — Fern