PART -B: ZOOLOGY
ANSWERS
1. Zoological parks.
2. Colostrum.
3.
4. Dryopithecus → Ramapithecus → Australopithecines → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Neanderthal man → Homo sapiens
5. (a) Nucleosome.
(b) 8
(c) Euchromatin: Loosely packed, light stained and transcriptionally active region of chromatin.
Heterochromatin: Densely packed, dark stained and inactive region of chromatin.
6. Homologous organs:
2. Colostrum.
3.
4. Dryopithecus → Ramapithecus → Australopithecines → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Neanderthal man → Homo sapiens
5. (a) Nucleosome.
(b) 8
(c) Euchromatin: Loosely packed, light stained and transcriptionally active region of chromatin.
Heterochromatin: Densely packed, dark stained and inactive region of chromatin.
6. Homologous organs:
a. Forelimb of Man, Cheetah, Whale, Bat.b. Thorns and tendrils of Bougainvillea and Cucurbita.c. Vertebrate hearts or brains.
Analogous organs:
a. Wings of Butterfly, Bird.b. Eye of the Octopus and Mammals.c. Flippers of Penguins and Dolphins.
7. Yes. Because male can produce two types of gametes (sperms) – one with X chromosome and other with Y chromosome. Y chromosome is responsible for the male sex of the baby. Female can produce only gametes (Egg) containing X chromosome. X chromosome is responsible for female sex of the baby.
8. Phenylketonuria. Because it is a Mendelian disorder. Others are chromosomal disorders.
9. A= Endometrium / Uterus
B= Ovary
C= Isthmus of fallopian tube
D= Ampulla of fallopian tube
10. ⬩ Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
⬩ Lactobacillus.
⬩ Trichoderma polysporum.
⬩ Rhizobium.
11. (a) Acquired immunity.
(b) Physiological barrier
(c) Cytokine barrier
(d) Cell mediated immunity.
12. ⬩ Saheli
⬩ Tubectomy (sterilization technique)
⬩ Nausea, abdominal pain, breakthrough bleeding etc.
13. The Evil Quartet:
⬩ Nausea, abdominal pain, breakthrough bleeding etc.
13. The Evil Quartet:
a. Habitat loss and fragmentation.b. Overexploitation.c. Alien species invasion.d. Co-extinction.
14.
|
Bacteria |
Fungus |
Virus |
Protozoan |
|
Typhoid Pneumonia |
Ringworms |
Common cold |
Malaria Amoebiasis |
15.
- Chain B.
- Sickle cell anaemia.
- This is due to the single base substitution at the sixth codon of the β-globin gene from GAG to GUG.
- The mutant Hb molecule undergoes polymerization under low oxygen tension causing the change in shape of the RBC from biconcave disc to elongated sickle like structure.
- Suspect II may be responsible for the crime. Because DNA from crime scene matches with DNA of suspect II.
- A DNA sequence which is tandemly repeated in many copy numbers is called variable number tandem repeats (VNTR).
- Alec Jeffreys.
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
- Gonorrhoea, syphilis, genital herpes, chlamydiasis etc.
- Avoid sex with unknown partners/multiple partners. Always use condoms during coitus.
(b) RNA polymerase.
(c) Initiation: RNA polymerase binds at the promoter site of DNA.
Elongation: RNA chain is synthesized in 5’-3’ direction.Termination: A termination factor (ρ factor) binds to the RNA polymerase and terminates the transcription.