PART A: BOTANY (ANSWER KEY)
1. (b) Parbhani kranti.
2. Diapause.
3. (a) Stratosphere or Troposphere.
(b) Dobson (Db).
4.
|
A |
B |
|
1. Butterfly |
c. 1-2 weeks |
|
2. Crow |
d. 15 years |
|
3. Parrot |
a. 140 years |
|
4. Tortoise |
b. 100 to 150 years |
5. (a) Agarose gel.
(b) Elution.
6. (a) pBR322 (E. coli cloning vector).
(b) (i) Tetracycline
resistance gene
(ii) Gene that codes for
the proteins involved in the replication of plasmid.
(iii) Origin of
replication.
7. Filiform apparatus. It guides pollen tube into the synergids.
8. Collected semen may be used immediately or can be frozen for later
use.
Frozen semen can also be
transported.
9. ○ Vitamin A enriched carrots,
spinach, pumpkin.
○ Vitamin C enriched bitter
gourd, bathua, mustard, tomato.
○ Iron & calcium
enriched spinach & bathua.
○ Protein enriched beans.
10. ○ Purify air and water.
○ Reduce global warming,
droughts and floods.
○ Maintain biodiversity.
○ Pollinate crops.
○ Provide aesthetic,
cultural and spiritual values etc.
11. ○ Use of lead-free petrol or
diesel.
○ Use of catalytic
converters.
○ Phasing out of old
vehicles.
○ Use of low-sulphur petrol
and diesel.
○ Use of compressed natural
gas (CNG) etc.
12. ○ Reduce the use of fossil fuel.
○ Improve efficiency of
energy usage.
○ Reduce deforestation and
plant trees.
○ Slowing down the growth of
human population
13. ○ Tolerant to abiotic stresses.
○ Reduced use of chemical
pesticides.
○ Pest resistant crops.
○ Reduce post-harvest losses
○ Enhanced nutrient value of
food.
14. They prepared two DNA
sequences corresponding to A & B chains of human insulin and introduced in
plasmids of E. coli to produce insulin chains. Chains A & B were
combined by creating disulfide bonds to form human insulin.
15. When energy flows from a
trophic level to the next higher trophic level, some energy is always lost as
heat at each step.
16. (a) RNA interference (RNAi).
(b) Nematode specific genes
were introduced into the host plant through the Agrobacterium vector.
This gene produces both
sense and antisense RNA in host cells.
These are complementary to
each other and form dsRNA.
dsRNA silences the specific mRNA of the nematode.
17. (a) Exponential (Geometric) growth curve and Logistic (Sigmoid) growth
curve.
(b) Carrying capacity.
18. The functional megaspore develops into the female gametophyte.
Nucleus of the functional
megaspore divides mitotically to form two nuclei. They move to the opposite
poles, forming 2-nucleate embryo sac.
The nuclei again divide two
times forming 4-nucleate and 8-nucleate stages of the embryo sac.
These divisions are free
nuclear.
After the 8-nucleate stage, cell walls are laid down leading to the organization of the typical female gametophyte.