NEET/ Medical Entrance Questions with answers- Biological Classification

BIOLOGY ENTRANCE QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 2: BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION

1.       Biological classification of plants and animals was first proposed by

a)       Andreas Vesalius            b) Aristotle  

c)       Hippocrates                   d) Theophrastus

e)       Stephan Hales

2.       Aristotle classified plants into

a)       Aquatic plants and terrestrial plants

b)      Phanerogamae and cryptogamae

c)       Angiosperms and Gymnosperms

d)      Fibre yielding plants and timber yielding plants

e)       Trees, shrubs and herbs

3.       The five-kingdom classification was done based on certain characteristics.  Which of the following form the chief criteria for the above classification?

I)    Cell structure   II) Body organisation

III) Habitat of the organisms

IV) Mode of nutrition and reproduction

V)  Phylogenetic relationships

a)       I, II and IV only              b) II, III and V only

c)       II, III and IV only           d) I, II, III and IV only

e)       All are included except III

4.       Monera contain none of the following structures except

a)       Mitochondria     b) Nucleus

c)       Endoplasmic reticulum   d) DNA 

e)       Centriole

5.       The oldest kingdom is

a)       Plantae  b) Protista          c) Monera

d)      Fungi    e) Animalia

6.       Of the following organisms cell wall is present in

a)       Chlamydomonas and paramecium

b)      Amoeba and chlorella

c)       Euglena and Chlamydomonas

d)      Paramecium and amoeba

e)       Chlamydomonas and chlorella

7.       Match the following

	Column I		Column II
I	Mycoplasma	P	True bacteria
II	Eubacteria	Q	Organisms that completely lack a cell wall
III	Halophiles	R	Bacteria living in marshy areas
IV	Thermoacidophiles	S	Bacteria living in extreme salty areas
V	Methanogens	T	Bacteria living in hot springs

a)       I-Q,  II-P,  III-T,  IV-R,  V-S

b)      I-P,  II-R,  III-Q,  IV-S,  V-T

c)       I-Q,  II-P,  III-S,  IV-T,  V-R

d)      I-S,  II-P,  III-Q,  IV-R,  V-T

e)       I-R,  II-Q,  III-T,  IV-P,  V-S

8.       Bacteria reproduce mainly by

a)       Fission                          b) Budding  

c)       Fragmentation                d)  Conjugation  

e)       Spore formation

9.       All single celled eukaryotes are placed under

a)       Protista             b) Monera          c) Parazoa

d)      Fungi                e) Eumetazoa

10.   All the following can be applicable to protozoans except

a)       they are believed to be primitive relatives of animals

b)      they all are heterotrophs and live as predators or parasites

c)       there are six major groups of protozoans

d)      they are single celled

e)       they belong to the kingdom Protista

11.   Slime moulds are ------ protists

a)       Free living         b) Parasitic         c) Symbiotic

d)      Saprophytic        e) Nitrogen-fixing

12.   In which of the following organisms the body is covered over by a protein rich layer called pellicle

a)       Amoeba             b) Entamoeba       c) Euglena

d)      Plasmodium       e) All the above

13.   Red tide is caused by

a)       Gonyaulax         b) Ceratium       c) Noctiluca

b)      Physarum          e) Both a & b

14.   ------ is photosynthetic in the presence of sunlight, when deprived of sunlight, it behaves like heterotroph by predating on other small organisms

a)       Vorticella           b) Euglena         c) Mucor

d)      Beroe                e) Pleurobrachia

15.   Yeast comes under

a)       Myxomycetes      b) Phycomycetes

c)       Ascomycetes       d) Basidiomycetes

e)       Deuteromycetes

16.   The cell walls of fungi are composed of

a)       Cellulose only    b) Pectin only 

b)      Lignin only        d) Chitin and peptidoglycan

e)       Chitin and polysaccharides

17.   All the following statements regarding Diatoms are correct except

a)       most of the Diatoms are photosynthetic

b)      they are found in fresh water as well as in marine environments

c)       the cell walls of diatoms form two thin overlapping shells, which fit together as in a soap box

d)      they are the chief ‘producers’ in the oceans

e)       the walls of diatoms are embedded with chitin and cutin and thus the walls are indestructible.

18.   Presence of stiff cellulose plates on the outer surface of the cell wall is a characteristic feature of

a)       Slime moulds     b) Dinoflagellates

c)       Euglenoids         d) Flagellated protozoans

e)       Blue green algae

19.   The primary grouping of protozoans is based on

a)       size and shape                b) mode of nutrition

c)       mode of reproduction      d) their habitat  

e)       locomotory structure

20.   The study of Fungi is called

a)       Phycology          b) Mycology      c) Palynology

d)      Malacology        e) Myrmecology

21.   The mycelium in fungi may be septate or aseptate.  In which of the following classes the mycelium is aseptate and coenocytic

a)       Phycomycetes                b) Ascomycetes

c)       Basidiomycetes              d) Deuteromycetes

e)       Both a & b

22.   Trypanosoma gambiense is a

a)       Obligatory monogenetic parasitic

b)      Obligatory digenetic parasite

c)       Facultative monogenetic parasite

d)      Facultative digenetic parasite

e)       Incidental nonpathogenic parasite

23.   A cell from an unknown organism is examined under a microscope.  It has a membrane bound nucleus, a large central vacuole, chloroplasts and a cell wall.  What type of cell is it.

a)       Prokaryotic cell              b) Bacterial cell

c)       Plant cell                       d) Fungal cell   

e)       Animal cell 

24.   Match the following

	Column I		Column II
I	Rhizopus	K	Edible mushroom
II	Agaricus silvaticus	L	Puccinia graminis
III	Agaricus campestris	M	Bread mould
IV	Black rust of wheat	N	Poisonous mushroom
V	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	O	Baker’s yeast

a)       I-O,  II-K,  III-M,  IV-N,  V-L

b)      I-L,  II-M,  III-N,  IV-K,  V-O

c)       I-M,  II-N,  III-K,  IV-L,  V-O

d)      I-M,  II-K,  III-N,  IV-L,  V-O

e)       I-M,  II-K,  III-L,  IV-N,  V-O

25.   Fungi store food in the form of

a)       Glycogen           b) Inulin            c) Glucose

b)      Starch   e) Both a & b

26.   The protozoan Trypanosoma gambiense causes the disease

a)       Elephantiasis      b) African sleeping sickness        

c)       Yellow fever      d) Typhus fever 

e)       Dysentery         

27.   Viruses did not find a place in Whittaker’s five kingdom classification since

a)       they are obligatory parasites

b)      they take over the machinery of the host cell to replicate

c)       they remain inactive in the free state

d)      they do not possess a metabolic machinery of their own

e)       they are not truly living

28.   From the following choose the characters applicable to the members belonging to the kingdom Animalia

                    I.     they are heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms lacking a cell wall

                  II.     they directly or indirectly depend on plants for food

               III.     they store food reserves as glycogen or fat

               IV.     their mode of nutrition is either holozoic or holophytic

                 V.     they follow a definite growth pattern

               VI.     both lower and higher forms show elaborate sensory and neuromotor mechanism

             VII.     the sexual reproduction is by copulation of male and female followed by embryological development

a)       Only I, II, IV & VI are applicable

b)      Only II, III, V & VI are applicable

c)       Only I, II, III & VI are  applicable

d)      Only I, II, III, V, VII are applicable

e)       All are applicable except IV

29.   The principal components of viruses are

a)       Protein & lipid               b)  DNA & RNA

c)       RNA & lipid                  d)  DNA & carbohydrate

e)       Protein & nucleic acid

30.   An American microbiologist ------ isolated the tobacco mosaic virus in the form of crystals

a)       W.M. Stanley                 b) Iwanowsky

c)       Beijerinek                      d) Louis Pasteur

e)       T.O. Diener

31.   Generally, viruses that infect plants have

a)       Single stranded RNA

b)      Double stranded RNA

c)       Single stranded DNA

d)      Double stranded DNA

e)       Both DNA & RNA

32.   A taxonomic system based only on the traits that reflect the order in time in which branches arose in phylogenetic tree is called

                    a)       phylogeny                     b)  cladistics

                    c)       classical                        d)  phenetics     

                    e)       adansonian

33.   The group of organisms which  are considered as oxygen evolvers:

a)       Chemoautotrophs           b)  Chemoheterotrophs 

c)       Chemolithotrophs           d) Eukaryotes

e)       Photoautotrophs

34.   Prions are:

a)       A single stranded DNA 

b)      A single double stranded DNA 

c)       Histone and    RNA

d)      Histone and non-histone. 

e)       An infectious protein

35.   Cell wall of bacteria possesses diaminopimilic acid which along with other amino acids forms peptide, will inter connect the glycan part which is known as:

a)       Chitin                b)  Cellulose      c)  Mucin

d)      pectin                e) Murein

36.   A unicellular organism often considered as a connecting link between plants and animals is

a)       Monocystis        b) Paramoecium

c)       Euglena             d) slime mould

e)       Entamoeba

37.   Slime moulds are included under

a)       Monera             b) Protista           c)  Plantae

d)      Animalia           e)  Fungi

38.   The terms such as classification, systematics and taxonomy were given separate meanings by

a)       R.H. Whittaker               b) Linnaeus

c)       G. Simpson                    d) Julian Huxley

e)       Engler and Prantl

39.   Chemical constituents of plants such as alkaloids, raphides, crystals, aromatic compounds etc. are used as characteristics for which type of new systematics

a)       Chemotaxonomy            b)  Cytotaxonomy

c)       Karyotaxonomy             d)  Experimental taxonomy

e)       Adansonian taxonomy

ANSWER KEY

1.       b	2.       e	3.       e	4.       d	5.       c	6.       e	7.       c	8.       a	9.       a	10.   c
11.   d	12.   c	13.   a	14.   b	15.   c	16.   e	17.   e	18.   b	19.   e	20.   b
21.   a	22.   b	23.   c	24.   c	25.   a	26.   b	27.   e	28.   d	29.   e	30.   a
31.   a	32.   b	33.   e	34.   e	35.   e	36.   c	37.   b	38.   c	39.   a