CONTRIBUTION
|
DISCOVERED/INVENTED BY
|
1.
Interrelationship
b/w genetic diversity & natural selection- Established
|
Murray (1972)
|
2.
Isolated
and synthesized 3 polypeptides involved in the control of the anterior
pituitary gland
|
Roger Guilleinin & Andrew Schally (1977)
|
3.
Isotope
tracing
|
Hevesy G. (1923)
|
4.
IUD
(Intrauterine Devices) for contraception
|
Richter (1909)
|
5.
Jumping
genes (Transposons)
|
Mc Clintock
|
6.
Karyogamy
during fertilization
|
Hertwig
|
7.
Klinefelter’s
syndrome
|
Klinefelter (1922)
|
8.
Krebs’s
cycle (Citric acid cycle)
|
Hans A. Krebs (1937)
|
9.
Ladder
of nature or Scala nature (Great Chain of Being)
|
Aristotle (B.C 384-322)
|
10.
Largest
chromosome number is for Ophioglossum
reticulatum
|
Ninan C.A (Keralite)
|
11.
Leydig
cells (interstitial cells)
|
Franz von Leydig (Germany)
|
12.
Life
comes from life- proved
|
Francesco Redi
|
13.
Linkage
and crossing over
|
Thomas Hunt Morgan
|
14.
Linkage
of hereditary units
|
Bateson and Punnet (1906)
|
15.
LSD
|
Albert Hoffmann
|
16.
Lysosomes-
discovered & named
|
de Duve (1955)
|
17.
Malaria
parasites grow as cysts in Anopheles mosquito
|
Ronald Ross (1897)
|
18.
Malarial
parasite (in Algiers, North Africa); Cause of Malaria
|
Charles Laveran (1880; French army surgeon)
|
19.
Microtome
|
His (1870)
|
20.
Microtubules
|
Robertis and Francis
|
21.
Milk
pasteurization
|
Louis Pasteur
|
22.
Mitochondria
|
Kolliker (1857). In 1888 he isolated them
|
23.
Mitochondria-
Observed
|
Altmann and C. Benda (1897)
|
24.
Mitochondria-
Separated from the cell
|
Bensley R.R & Hoerr H.L (1934)
|
25.
Mitochondria:
Isolated by ultracentrifugation
|
Claude A (1941)
|
26.
Mitosis-
first account
|
A. Schelder (1873)
|
27.
Monoclonal
antibodies
|
Niels, Kochlar & Milstein
|
28.
Morphine
|
Frederick Sirturner
|
29.
Mosquitoes
transmits Malaria- Hypothesis
|
Manson (1894)
|
30.
MRI
|
Purcell and Bloch (1952)
|
31.
Mutation
on agricultural plants
|
Gustafsson (1947)
|
32.
Mycobacterium
leprae & Leprosy
|
Hansen (1873; Norway)
|
33.
Negri
bodies in brain cells (it is diagnostic of Rabies)
|
Negri (1903; Italy)
|
34.
New
cells originate from pre-existing cells
|
Rudolf Virchow (1858)
|
35.
Nitrogen
cycle
|
Helriegel & Wilfarth (1888)
|
36.
Nucleic
acids- Discovered and isolated
|
Friedrich Miescher (1869; Switzerland)
|
37.
Nucleolus
(observed nucleolus from the skin of an eel)
|
Fontana F (1781)
|
38.
Nucleoplasm
|
Strasburger
|
39.
Nucleoproteins-
Isolated from the pus cells
|
Miescher F (1870)
|
40.
Nucleotide
sequence of alanine tRNA molecule of yeast
|
Holley R.M (1964)
|
41.
Nucleus
of cell
|
Robert Brown (1831)
|
42.
Nucleus:
Role in heredity
|
Herwig O. & Strasburger E (1885)
|
43.
Nurse
culture technique (cellular totipotency)
|
Muir et al
|
44.
Oogenesis
and spermatogenesis- Described
|
Boveri T. (1888)
|
45.
Oparin-
Haldane theory: Experimentally proved
|
Harold C. Urey and Stanley Miller (1953)
|
46.
Open
heart surgery
|
Walton Lillehal
|
47.
Origin
of life on earth
|
Oparin A.I
|
48.
Ovarian
follicle, mammal or human
|
R.V Graaf
|
49.
Ovary
human- first described
|
Herophilus
|
50.
Ovum-
Mammalian
|
Karl Von Baer (1827)
|
51.
Oxygen
is released during photosynthesis
|
Priestly J & Ingenhouz J (1772)
|
52.
Paper
chromatography (PPC)
|
Izmallow and Schraiber (1938)
|
53.
Parthenogenesis-
Natural
|
Charles Bonnet (1745)
|
54.
Patau’s
syndrome
|
Patau K.
|
55.
Penicillin
|
Alexander Fleming (1928)
|
56.
Phagocytosis:
Role in immunity
|
Metchiinkoff (1882)
|
57.
Phase
contrast microscope
|
Zernike (1955)
|
58.
Phosphocreatine:
Role in muscle contraction
|
Eggleton (1927)
|
59.
Photophosphorylation
in chloroplast
|
Arnon
|
60.
Phototherapy
|
Finsen N.R.
|
61.
Phylogeny:
Molecular approach
|
Florkin M (1966)
|
62.
Pinocytosis
|
Lewis W.H (1931)
|
63.
Pituitary
gland: Role in carbohydrate metabolism
|
Houssay (1924)
|
64.
Plague
vaccine in India (as prophylactic measure against plague)
|
Haffkine (1898)
|
65.
Plants
are made of cells
|
Shleiden M.J
|
66.
Plants
have life
|
Boss J.C.
|
67.
Plastids
|
Ernest Haeckel (1866)
|
68.
Polio
vaccine
|
Salk J. and Sabin (1957)
|
69.
Polymorphism
and taxonomy
|
Ford E.B (1940)
|
70.
Poriferans
(sponges) are animals
|
Ellis
|
71.
Presence
of cristae in mitochondria- Showed
|
Palade G.E (1952)
|
72.
Prion
|
Prusiner (1997)
|
73.
Process
of life
|
Romer A.S (1972)
|
74.
Proteinoid
microsphere- Produced
|
Sydney Fox (1950)
|
75.
Protoplasm
is a living matter in protozoans
|
Felix Dujardin (1835)
|
76.
Pteramycin
|
Finlay
|
77.
Purines
and pyrimidines are equal amount in DNA
|
Chargaff E. (1950)
|
78.
Pyrosomes-
Identified
|
Duve C. De (1952)
|
79.
Quantasomes
in chloroplast
|
Park and Pon (1960)
|
80.
Quantitative
inheritance
|
Koelreuter J.G (1763)
|
81.
Radioimmuno
assay technique for the estimation of blood hormones
|
Rosalyn Talow (1977)
|
82.
RBC
Described
|
Swammerdam (1658)
|
83.
Recombinant
DNA (rDNA) technology
|
Cohen & Boyer (1973)
|
84.
Recombinant
DNA- First
|
Berg P. (1972)
|
85.
Reflex
action Concept
|
Hall (18330
|
86.
Regeneration in Hydra & Sponge
|
Trambli, Vilson
|
87.
Regulatory
genes
|
Jacob F and Monod (1961)
|
88.
Relationship
between lactic acid and muscle contraction
|
Hopkins (1907)
|
89.
Reproductive
system in flower
|
Grew (1682)
|
90.
Reserpine
|
Jall Vakil
|
91.
Respiration
in animals - Showed its nature
|
Lavoisier (1778)
|
92.
Restriction
endonuclease enzymes
|
Daniel Nathans, Hamilton O. Smith & Werner Arber (1978)
|
93.
Rh
factor in blood
|
Land Steiner and Weiner (1940)
|
94.
Ribosomes
(Animal cell)
|
Palade
|
95.
RNA
directed DNA synthesis in some tumor viruses
|
Temin H.M (1963)
|
96.
RNA:
Role in protein synthesis
|
Casperssoni and Brachet (1950)
|
97.
Role
of environment on the Inheritance of acquired characters
|
Buffon
|
98.
Rust
resistance high yielding wheat varieties
|
Borloug (1970)
|
99.
Sertoli
cells
|
Enricho Sertoli (Italy)
|
100.
Sex
chromosomes in grasshopper
|
Mc Clung C.E (1902)
|