BIOMOLECULES
1. Which among the
following is a primary metabolite? (Score 1)
Alkaloids, Antibiotics, Amino acids, Flavonoids
Answer:
Amino
acids
2. When substrate
concentration increases, the velocity of enzymatic reaction increases at first.
After attaining a maximum velocity, it cannot be exceeded by further addition
of substrates. Why? (Score 2)
Answer:
Because enzyme molecules are fewer than the substrate molecules i.e. No free enzyme molecules to bind with additional substrate molecules.
|
Classification of Enzymes |
Reactions |
|
A |
B |
|
Hydrolases |
Oxidation-reduction
reactions |
|
Lyases |
Linking together of
molecules |
|
Oxidoreductases |
Transfer of a group |
|
Isomerases |
Interconversion of molecules |
|
Ligases |
Removal of groups |
|
Transferases |
Hydrolysis of bonds |
Answer:
|
Classification
of Enzymes |
Reactions |
|
Hydrolases |
Hydrolysis of bonds |
|
Lyases |
Removal of groups |
|
Oxidoreductases |
Oxidation-reduction reactions |
|
Isomerases |
Interconversion of molecules |
|
Ligases |
Linking together of molecules |
|
Transferases |
Transfer of a group |
a. What are ‘A’ and ‘B’?
b. Mention the other two levels of protein structure. (Score 2)
Answer:
(a) A= Secondary structure of protein, B= Tertiary structure of
protein.
(b) Primary structure and quaternary structure.
5. Proteins carry many
functions in living organism. List any four. (Score 2)
Answer:
o
For growth and tissue repair.
o
Transport nutrients across cell membranes.
o
Acts as intercellular ground substance.
o
Acts as antibodies.
6. Give one word. (Score 2)
a. The organic compound
tightly bound to the apoenzyme.
b. The non-protein organic
compound that are tightly bound to the apoenzyme.
c. The protein part of the enzyme.
Answer:
(i) Prosthetic group
(ii) Cofactor
(iii) Apoenzyme
b) Based on the reaction formulae given below, identify the classes of the enzymes.
i) S reduced + S’ oxidised → S oxidised + S’ reduced
ii) X - C – C - Y → X – Y + C = C (Score 2)
Answer:
a) Temperature, pH,
concentration of substrate etc.
b) (i) Oxidoreductases
(Dehydrogenases).
(ii) Lyases.
Answer:
a)
Because
enzyme molecules are fewer than the substrate molecules i.e. No free enzyme
molecules to bind with additional substrate molecules.
b)
Temperature and pH.
a.
In a proteins amino acids are linked
by ….…
b.
In a polysaccharide, individual monosaccharides
are linked by…….…..
Answer:
(a) Peptide bond.
(b) Glycosidic bond.
|
Collagen |
Intercellular ground substance |
|
Insulin |
Hormone |
|
Antibody |
Sensory reception |
|
Trypsin |
Enzyme |
Answer:
Antibody: Sensory reception.
11. Metabolites are organic compounds
constantly utilized in various metabolic activities in the cells. (Score 2)
a) What are the two types of metabolites in cells?
b) Give an example for each type of metabolites.
Answer:
(a) Primary metabolites & Secondary
metabolites.
(b) Primary metabolites: E.g. Glucose.
Secondary
metabolites: E.g. Terpenoids.
12. Analyse the graph showing the activity of an enzyme, influenced by temperature.
a. What is meant by optimum temperature?
b. Why does the enzyme activity decline at too low and too high
temperature? (Score 2)
Answer:
(a) It is the temperature at which enzyme action is maximum.
(b) At low temperature, enzyme is temporarily inactive.
At
high temperature, enzymes destroy because proteins are denatured by heat.