NEET Topic-wise & A
Topic 1: ORIGIN OF LIFE
NEET: Previous Years Questions
01. From his experiments, S.L. Miller produced amino acids by mixing the following in a closed flask:
(1) CH₄, H₂, NH₃ and water vapor at 600°C
(2) CH₃, H₂, NH₃ and water vapor at 600°C
(3) CH₄, H₂, NH₃ and water vapor at 800°C
(4) CH₃, H₂, NH₄ and water vapor at 800°C (NEET 2020)
✅ (3) CH₄, H₂, NH₃ and water vapor at 800°C
02. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the origin of life? (NEET-II 2016)
I. Formation of protobionts
II. Synthesis of organic monomers
III. Synthesis of organic polymers
IV. Formation of DNA-based genetic systems
(1) I, II, III, IV
(2) I, III, II, IV
(3) II, III, I, IV
(4) II, III, IV, I
✅ (3) II, III, I, IV
Model Questions
03. Life appeared ……… years after the formation of earth.
(1) 5000 million
(2) 500 million
(3) 50 million
(4) 5 million
✅ (2) 500 million
04. Match the following:
(1) a – 4 b – 3 c – 2 d – 1
(2) a – 1 b – 3 c – 2 d – 4
(3) a – 3 b – 1 c – 4 d – 2
(4) a – 2 b – 4 c – 1 d – 3
✅ (4) a – 2 b – 4 c – 1 d – 3
05. Which theory is known as ‘Primary abiogenesis?’
(1) Biogenesis
(2) Spontaneous generation
(3) Chemical evolution
(4) Panspermia
✅ (3) Chemical evolution
06. Consider the following statements:
I. “Abiogenesis first, but biogenesis ever since”
II. Proposed by Oparin & Pasteur
III. Units of life were transferred to earth
Of these, the correct statements regarding the Theory of chemical evolution (chemogeny) are
(1) I & II
(2) I & III
(3) Only I
(4) Only II
✅ (3) Only I
07. In what way Urey and Miller created a similar condition of primitive earth in their experiment?
(1) They made electric discharge in a closed flask containing CH₄, NH₃, H₂ & water vapour at 800 °C
(2) They made electric discharge in a closed flask containing CH₄, CO₂, H₂ & water vapour at 800 °C
(3) They made electric discharge in a closed flask containing CH₄, NH₃, H₂ & water vapour at 8000 °C
(4) They made electric discharge in a closed flask containing CO₂, NH₃, H₂ & water vapour at 8000 °C
✅ (1) They made electric discharge in a closed flask containing CH₄, NH₃, H₂ & water vapour at 800 °C
8. Life cannot originate from inorganic material at present because
(1) Very low atmospheric pressure
(2) High degree of environmental pollution
(3) Very high amount of oxygen in the atmosphere
(4) Absence of raw material for chemical evolution
✅ (3) Very high amount of oxygen in the atmosphere
Topic 2: EVIDENCES AND THEORIES OF EVOLUTION
NEET: Previous Years Questions
09. The flippers of the Penguins and Dolphins are the example of the
(1) Adaptive radiation
(2) Natural selection
(3) Convergent evolution
(4) Divergent evolution (NEET 2024)
✅ (3) Convergent evolution
10. Which one of the following factors will not affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
(1) Genetic recombination
(2) Genetic drift
(3) Gene migration
(4) Constant gene pool (NEET 2024)
✅ (4) Constant gene pool
11. Select the correct group/set of Australian Marsupials exhibiting adaptive radiation.
(1) Numbat, Spotted cuscus, Flying phalanger
(2) Mole, Flying squirrel, Tasmanian tiger cat
(3) Lemur, Anteater, Wolf
(4) Tasmanian wolf, Bobcat, Marsupial mole (NEET 2023)
✅ (1) Numbat, Spotted cuscus, Flying phalanger
12. Match List - I with List -II.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(1) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(2) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(3) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(4) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii) (NEET 2021)
✅ (1) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
13. The factor that leads to Founder effect in a population is
(1) Natural selection
(2) Genetic recombination
(3) Mutation
(4) Genetic drift (NEET 2021)
✅ (4) Genetic drift
14. Embryological support for evolution was disapproved by
(1) Charles Darwin
(2) Oparin
(3) Karl Ernst von Baer
(4) Alfred Wallace (NEET 2020)
✅ (3) Karl Ernst von Baer
15. Flippers of Penguins and Dolphins are examples of
(1) Industrial melanism
(2) Natural selection
(3) Adaptive radiation
(4) Convergent evolution (NEET 2020)
✅ (4) Convergent evolution
16. Which of the following refer to correct example(s) of organisms which have evolved due to changes in environment brought about by anthropogenic action?
(a) Darwin’s Finches of Galapagos islands.
(b) Herbicide resistant weeds.
(c) Drug resistant eukaryotes.
(d) Man-created breeds of domesticated animals like dogs.
(1) (b), (c) and (d)
(2) only (d)
(3) only (a)
(4) (a) and (c) (NEET 2020)
✅ (1) (b), (c) and (d)
17. Variations caused by mutation, as proposed by Hugo de Vries, are
(1) random and directional
(2) random and directionless
(3) small and directional
(4) small and directionless (NEET 2019)
✅ (2) random and directionless
18. A gene locus has two alleles A, a. If the frequency of dominant allele A is 0.4 then what will be the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals in the population?
(1) 0.36 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.16 (aa)
(2) 0.16 (AA); 0.24 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
(3) 0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
(4) 0.16 (AA); 0.36 (Aa); 0.48 (aa) (NEET 2019)
✅ (3) 0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
19. In a species, the weight of newborn ranges from 2 to 5 kg. 97% of the newborn with an average weight between 3 to 3.3kg survive whereas 99% of the infants born with weights from 2 to 2.5 kg or 4.5 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection process is taking place?
(1) Directional Selection
(2) Stabilizing Selection
(3) Disruptive Selection
(4) Cyclical Selection (NEET 2019)
✅ (2) Stabilizing Selection
20. Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option:
(1) Forelimb of man, bat and cheetah
(2) Heart of man, bat and cheetah
(3) Brain of man, bat and cheetah
(4) Eye of octopus, bat and man (NEET 2018)
✅ (4) Eye of octopus, bat and man
21. The similarity of bone structure in the forelimbs of many vertebrates is an example of
(1) Homology
(2) Analogy
(3) Convergent evolution
(4) Adaptive radiation (NEET 2018)
✅ (1) Homology
22. According to Hugo de Vries, the mechanism of evolution is
(1) Multiple step mutation
(2) Saltation
(3) Phenotypic variation
(4) Minor mutations (NEET 2018)
✅ (2) Saltation
23. Which of the following structures is homologous to the wing of a bird?
(1) Hindlimb of rabbit
(2) Flipper of whale
(3) Dorsal fin of a shark
(4) Wing of a moth (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (2) Flipper of whale
24. Analogous structures are a result of
(1) shared ancestry
(2) stabilising selection
(3) divergent evolution
(4) convergent evolution (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (4) convergent evolution
Model Questions
25. Read the following statements regarding the study of fossils in different sedimentary rock layers
I. Fossils in the lowest layers are of simple organisms
II. Mesozoic era is the age of mammals & angiosperms
III. Life forms varied over time
IV. Certain life forms are restricted to certain geological time spans
(1) I & III are correct
(2) I, III & IV are correct
(3) I, II & III are wrong
(4) II & IV are wrong
✅ (2) I, III & IV are correct
26. Analogy is due to
(1) Becoming of unrelated species more similar to adapt in similar environmental condition
(2) Becoming of related species dissimilar to adapt in similar environmental condition
(3) Becoming of unrelated species more similar to adapt in different environmental condition
(4) Becoming of related species less similar to adapt in different environmental condition
✅ (1) Becoming of unrelated species more similar to adapt in similar environmental condition
27. Which one of the following options gives correct example for convergent (parallel) evolution & divergent evolution?
✅ (1) Eyes of Octopus and mammals - Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates
28. Homologous organs fundamentally show
(1) Similar function & origin, but different structure
(2) Similar function & structure, but different origin
(3) Similar structure & origin, but different function
(4) Similar origin, but different function & structure
✅ (3) Similar structure & origin, but different function
29. Pick out the wrong statement.
(1) Tubers of Solanum tuberosum and Ipomeoa batatus are analogous organs
(2) Human’s hand, whale’s flipper, cheetah’s foot and bat’s wing contain almost same bones, muscles, blood vessels and nerves
(3) Seal’s flipper, bat’s wing, horse’s foot, cat’s paw and human hand are example for analogy
(4) Wings of insects are formed of a thin flap of chitin and wings of birds are modified forelimbs
✅ (3) Seal’s flipper, bat’s wing, horse’s foot, cat’s paw and human hand are example for analogy
30. Darwin’s finches, Australian marsupials and Australian placental mammals are examples for
(1) Convergent evolution
(2) Adaptive radiation
(3) Divergent evolution
(4) Both B and C
✅ (4) Both B and C
31. In England, after industrialization, the number of
(1) Biston betularia and Biston carbonaria was equal
(2) Biston betularia more & Biston carbonaria less
(3) Biston betularia less & Biston carbonaria more
(4) Biston betularia more & Biston carbonaria absent
✅ (3) Biston betularia less & Biston carbonaria more
32. Given below are some facts related to natural selection. Identify the incorrect fact.
(1) Sooty areas give great protection to melanised moths
(2) Penicillin triggers synthesis of resistant proteins that produces penicillin resistant varieties in bacteria
(3) Taking full course of antibiotics as prescribed can prevent development of antibiotic-resistant varieties.
(4) Industrial melanism can be considered as an example for directional selection
✅ (2) Penicillin triggers synthesis of resistant proteins that produces penicillin resistant varieties in bacteria
33. Lamarckism was rejected because
(1) It is proved that there is no evidence for acquired characters
(2) It is proved that the characters are inherited only through genes
(3) It is proved that there was no short-necked giraffe on ancient earth
(4) All of these
✅ (2) It is proved that the characters are inherited only through genes
34. Main features of Darwin’s theory of natural selection are
(1) Variations, mutation, limited resources, struggle for existence, survival of fittest
(2) Variations, overproduction, use and disuse of organs, struggle for existence, survival of fittest
(3) Variations, overproduction, limited resources, struggle for existence, survival of fittest
(4) Variations, overproduction, limited resources, use & disuse of organs, inheritance of acquired characters
✅ (3) Variations, overproduction, limited resources, struggle for existence, survival of fittest
35. The 2 key concepts of Darwinian Theory are
(1) Branching descent and natural selection
(2) Branching descent and Use & disuse of organs
(3) Mutation and natural selection
(4) Mutation and Branching descent
✅ (1) Branching descent and natural selection
36. Darwinism does not explain all the following except
(1) Within each species, there are variations which may be beneficial or harmful
(2) Variations are inherited from parents to offspring through genes
(3) Continuous use or disuse of organs result in variation
(4) Speciation occurs through saltation
✅ (1) Within each species, there are variations which may be beneficial or harmful
37. Which of the following phenomenon supports Darwin’s concept of natural selection in organic evolution?
(1) Development of transgenic animals
(2) Production of ‘Dolly’ the sheep by cloning
(3) Prevalence of pesticide resistant insects
(4) Development of organs from ‘stem cells’ for organ transplantation
✅ (3) Prevalence of pesticide resistant insects
38. Which is not true for variation by mutation?
(1) Large variation
(2) Random & sudden variation
(3) Directionless
(4) Only gradual evolution
✅ (4) Only gradual evolution
39. Evolution takes place through sudden large variation and not by minor variation. This theory was proposed by
(1) Lamarck by conducting experiments on Oenothera lamarckiana
(2) Weisman by conducting experiments on mice
(3) Lamarck by conducting experiments on Pisum sativum
(4) Hugo de Vries by conducting experiments on Oenothera lamarckiana
✅ (4) Hugo de Vries by conducting experiments on Oenothera lamarckiana
40. Modern theory (synthetic theory) of evolution is based on
(1) Genetic and chromosomal mutation
(2) Genetic recombination and natural selection
(3) Reproductive isolation
(4) All above
✅ (4) All above
41. In a diploid, m and n are the frequencies of alleles A & a respectively. Then the total frequency is m2 + 2mn + n2 = 1, where
I. m2 = Frequency of homozygous recessive genotype
II. n2 = Frequency of homozygous dominant genotype
III. 2mn = Frequency of heterozygous genotype
Of the above statements, which is/are incorrect?
(1) Only I
(2) I & III
(3) I & II
(4) Only II
✅ (3) I & II
42. Phenotypes of original drifted small population quickly become different from parental population, sometimes forming a new species. This effect is called
(1) Mutations
(2) Gene migration
(3) Genetic drift
(4) Founder effect
✅ (4) Founder effect
43. In a population, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium allele frequency of ‘B’ is 0.85. Frequency of ‘Bb’ individuals is
(1) 0.7225
(2) 0.255
(3) 0.0225
(4) 0.12
✅ (2) 0.255
44. False statement related with Hardy – Weinberg equilibrium is
(1) Evolution is a departure from Hardy – Weinberg equilibrium
(2) Allele frequencies in a population are stable and constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences
(3) It cannot be used to determine the time and degree of evolutionary change
(4) Reshuffling of gene combinations during crossing over affect Hardy – Weinberg equilibrium
✅ (3) It cannot be used to determine the time and degree of evolutionary change
45. In an area of black rocks and white rocks, black coloured rabbits and white coloured rabbits can hide from predators. But grey coloured rabbits cannot hide in this environment and suffer greater predation. This kind of natural selection is known as
(1) Directional selection
(2) Disruptive selection
(3) Stabilizing selection
(4) B & C
✅ (2) Disruptive selection
Topic 3: A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF EVOLUTION
NEET: Previous Years Questions
46. Match List I with List II:
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
(2) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
(3) A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
(4) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II (NEET 2024)
✅ (4) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
47. Given below are some stages of human evolution. Arrange them in correct sequence. (Past to Recent)
A. Homo habilis
B. Homo sapiens
C. Homo neanderthalensis
D. Homo erectus
Choose the correct sequence of human evolution from the options given below:
(1) D-A-C-B
(2) B-A-D-C
(3) C-B-D-A
(4) A-D-C-B (NEET 2024)
✅ (4) A-D-C-B
48. Match the hominids with their correct brain size:
Select the correct option.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(1) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(2) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(3) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
(4) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii) (NEET 2019)
✅ (3) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
49. From evolutionary point of view, retention of the female gametophyte with developing young embryo on the parent sporophyte for some time, is first observed in
(1) Liverworts
(2) Mosses
(3) Pteridophytes
(4) Gymnosperms (NEET 2019)
✅ (3) Pteridophytes
50. Following are the two statements regarding the origin of life.
(a) The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-green and presumably anaerobes.
(b) The first autotrophic organisms were the chemoautotrophs that never released oxygen.
Of the above statements which one of the following options is correct?
(1) Both (a) and (b) are correct.
(2) Both (a) and (b) are false.
(3) (a) is correct but (b) is false.
(4) (b) is correct but (a) is false. (NEET-I 2016)
✅ (1) Both (a) and (b) are correct.
Model Questions
51. The correct sequence of evolution is
(1) Unicellular → multicellular → fishes → invertebrates → reptiles → amphibians → birds → mammals
(2) Unicellular → multicellular → invertebrates → fishes → amphibians → reptiles → birds → mammals
(3) Unicellular → multicellular → invertebrates → fishes → reptiles → birds → amphibians → mammals
(4) Unicellular → multicellular → invertebrates → birds → amphibians → fishes → reptiles → mammals
✅ (2) Unicellular → multicellular → invertebrates → fishes → amphibians → reptiles → birds → mammals
52. Which one is mismatching?
(1) Jurassic: Herbaceous lycopods, Ferns, Conifers, Cycads
(2) Cretaceous: Sphenopsids (horsetails), Ginkos, Gnetales, Dicotyledons
(3) Mesozoic: Dinosaurs, Ichthyosaurus
(4) Tertiary: Monkeys, Homo habilis, Homo erectus
✅ (4) Tertiary: Monkeys, Homo habilis, Homo erectus
53. The age of man in geological periods is
(1) Cretaceous
(2) Cenozoic
(3) Tertiary
(4) Quaternary
✅ (4) Quaternary
54. The correct sequence of stages in the evolution of the modern man is
(1) Dryopithecus → Ramapithecus → Homo neanderthalensis → Australopithecus → Homo erectus → Homo habilis → Homo sapiens
(2) Dryopithecus → Ramapithecus → Australopithecus → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Homo neanderthalensis → Homo sapiens
(3) Dryopithecus → Australopithecus → Ramapithecus → Homo erectus → Homo neanderthalensis → Homo habilis → Homo sapiens
(4) Ramapithecus → Dryopithecus → Australopithecus → Homo neanderthalensis → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Homo sapiens
✅ (2) Dryopithecus → Ramapithecus → Australopithecus → Homo habilis → Homo erectus → Homo neanderthalensis → Homo sapiens
55. Which of the following human race started to use hides to protect their body and buried dead?
(1) Homo habilis
(2) Homo erectus (Java)
(3) Homo sapiens
(4) Homo neanderthalensis
✅ (4) Homo neanderthalensis